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2020-05-12
13923 PV
The following content is from the official WeChat account of the Green Fabricated Building Network, the original link：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MbCynNvoPusS1q4h06SfdA
After years of rapid economic development in my country, the level of industrialization in various industries has increased rapidly. Relatively speaking, the construction industry is still in the era of "handicraft" and the level of industrialization is low. However, with the influence of many factors such as environmental protection, population, technology, etc., the tide of transformation in the construction industry has arrived. The development of prefabricated buildings and the transformation of construction industrialization are unstoppable. We believe that the construction system and industry of the construction industry in the future will surpass the scope of existing models and industrial forms, realize assembly and industrialization, and gradually enter digital construction and smart construction. In the blink of an eye, it is 2020. Let us look forward to the ten major trends in the development of prefabricated buildings in the future.
1. Greening is the most important symbol of prefabricated buildings
Green prefabricated buildings are the most important symbol of the industrialization and modernization of buildings. The new green prefabricated building system will inevitably be widely used in future buildings.
The outline of my country's 13th Five-Year Plan states that we must firmly establish and implement the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing. Among them, green development has become the main theme of the implementation of the entire "Outline." The construction industry is one of the three high-energy-consuming industries and must follow the path of green development.
At present, developed countries are paying attention to the development of new green assembly building systems based on composite structural systems, steel structures, steel/plastic structures, and wood structures. The goal is to make prefabricated buildings from design, production, transportation, construction, and use to In the entire building life cycle of scrap treatment, the impact on the environment is the smallest and the resource efficiency is the highest, making the building's component system develop in the direction of safety, environmental protection, energy saving and sustainable development.
(This picture comes from the Internet)
2. The prefabricated building system will be modularized, standardized and integrated
At the current stage in my country, enterprises and research institutions are dominated by their own R&D systems, and technology is still a closed system. The disadvantages are low integration, limited structure, lack of design flexibility, and no popularization of modularity. The future technology development trend is to transform from a closed system to an open system. It can devote itself to the development of standardized functional blocks, unified modules in design, and personalized integration, which is easy to be unified and full of changes, which facilitates production and construction, and also Give designers and builders more freedom in assembly and construction.
3. Prefabricated decoration will reshape building decoration
Prefabricated buildings are not only the industrialization of the main structure, but also the industrialization of interior decoration, and the two complement each other. At present, my country's prefabricated buildings mainly promote the main structure, and the decoration is almost forgotten. The future will be the integrated development of prefabricated building structure and decoration. The SI system completely separates the main structure system (skeleton) from the indoor decoration and equipment filling system (infill). While the main structure system emphasizes durability and safety, the decoration and equipment pay attention to flexibility and convenience for renovation. This concept is to extend the service life of the house by clearly separating the housing skeleton and basic equipment from the interior decoration and equipment. Because the life of the skeleton is generally long, and the equipment for decoration and residential use ages quickly, if the equipment cannot be modified and the decoration is updated, the building can no longer be used. my country and some developed countries have been committed to the development and promotion of the SI system in recent years. It is believed that in the near future, a mature SI system housing suitable for prefabricated buildings will be formed.
4. Personalized customization
Traditional thinking, prefabricated buildings may unify the style of a thousand cities. With the continuous integration of Internet technology and the construction industry, future prefabricated buildings can also be customized. Of course, the cost of customized customization is closely related to the scale of the building. With the rapid development of the industrial Internet, it will bring new changes to the construction industry in the customization and networking of fabricated buildings. In the future, the main modes of network-based custom fabricated buildings (NCAB) include: networking within the customized environment, realizing the residential assembly of the customized process; networking of the customized environment and the entire assembly enterprise, and realizing the customized environment and the enterprise industrial chain information system. The assembly transaction of subsystems; the networking of the industrial chain between enterprises and the realization of the sharing, combination and optimal utilization of the construction resources of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain.
5. Prefabricated steel structure residential station to the new air outlet of the industry
Our country's newly built prefabricated buildings have reached 290 million square meters in 2018, and steel structure houses have not enjoyed the dividends of the rapid development of the industry. In March 2019, the Department of Construction Market Supervision of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Key Points for Work in 2019" that required the development of pilot projects for prefabricated steel structure houses. Since then, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has successively approved seven provinces to carry out pilot projects of prefabricated steel structure housing. The industry standard "Technical Standards for Prefabricated Steel Structure Residential Buildings" was also officially implemented on October 1, 2019. The prefabricated steel structure residence has the characteristics of modularization and standardization. It not only has a high degree of industrialization, but also has good seismic performance, high building quality and short construction period. Compared with other construction methods, the comprehensive advantages are more obvious. With the standard system, technical system, and supporting facilities With the gradual improvement of policies, the future steel structure housing will stand at the new outlet of the industry.
6. Information technology runs through the entire industrial chain
Technologies such as BIM, GIS, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and robotics will bring huge changes to the traditional construction industry.
"In the future, the construction industry will surely realize the information management and application of the entire industry chain. Through information technology such as LAE, CAE, BIM, etc., build an information interaction platform for the consultation, planning, design, construction and management of prefabricated buildings. The entire life cycle of the prefabricated construction industry is informatization and quality responsibility traceable management, creating new data synergy effects.
7. Redefine "migrant workers"
The demand for labor resources in the world's construction industry is becoming more and more scarce. The construction industry in Japan, Germany and the United States are working on the development of intelligent assembly mode (IAM), inventing and promoting robots, automatic devices and intelligent assembly lines, and at the same time innovative adoption of high added value The prefabricated components and parts make the construction site no longer need a lot of manual labor. This intelligent assembly greatly saves manpower than the previous construction mode, and can also shorten the construction period and improve construction efficiency.
At present, our country's construction industry mainly relies on "migrant workers", but as the demographic dividend disappears, this advantage will become a shortcoming. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place, the assembly type will significantly reduce the number of on-site operators. The assembly type building will require workers in the parts production workshop, and new types of labor such as transportation, hoisting, assembly and connection will be required. In 2019, the China Employment Training Technical Guidance Center released a new career information announcement, and the prefabricated construction workers were listed. With the continuous improvement of the employment supervision system and the gradual change of production methods, the term "migrant workers" will become history in the future, and they will all be transformed into construction industry workers.
8. Integrated construction, general contracting of projects is the general trend
To overcome the design, production, and construction problems encountered by prefabricated buildings, it is necessary to implement integrated construction and promote the development of general contracting.
Relevant departments have clearly encouraged the use of general contracting methods in prefabricated buildings. In 2019, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the "Management Measures for General Contracting of Housing Construction and Municipal Engineering", which pave the way for the development of prefabricated buildings. According to Japan’s industrialization experience, in the early stages of development, under the condition that the degree of socialization is not high and the specialization of labor has not yet formed, only by cultivating leading enterprises can the technology system and management model gradually mature and play the leading role of various large professional enterprises , To promote the development of the entire industry. All aspects of prefabricated buildings from design, construction to construction put forward higher professional technical requirements for practitioners. Therefore, it is particularly important to have a professional and collaborative engineering general contracting team. Implementation of an integrated modern enterprise operation management model in production, construction and assembly, operation management and other links can maximize the role of the enterprise in the integration of design, production, construction and management of resource allocation and maximize overall benefits.
9. Form a standardized and standardized industry development system
At the present stage, the degree of standardization and generalization of prefabricated building components in my country is relatively low. The general system adopts the method of shaped components. Based on the standardization and versatility of parts, components and connection technology, components produced by a component factory can be used in various types of components. The houses are interchangeable. The general system is suitable for the specialization and socialization of the production of organizational components. It is more conducive to a highly mechanized and automated process. It is a perfect form of industrialization and is bound to be the future development trend.
Establish a standard architectural design system, rationally coordinate and control the diversity of prefabricated components, realize the versatility and interchangeability of prefabricated components, and standardize and modularize different components to speed up design speed and construction efficiency. At the same time, strengthen regional cooperation, eliminate cooperation barriers, strengthen research and breakthroughs in core technologies, increase intellectual property protection and management, and form a prefabricated building technology system and a standard system that suits my country's national conditions.
10. Policy-driven transformation to market-driven transformation
Our country's prefabricated buildings are at an early stage. As economies of scale cannot be reflected, the government needs to formulate target tasks, support policies, and incentive measures to promote and guide the development of the industry. Even so, in the actual implementation of prefabricated buildings at this stage, there are still many difficulties in the short term, such as rising costs, extended construction periods, developers waiting to see, lack of construction experience, lack of technology reserves, and systems that need to be improved. In the future, this situation will be greatly changed. As the scale of prefabricated buildings becomes larger and larger, the market will eventually form a new driving force. The government only needs to establish a coordinated and complete regulatory system, and the market demand will be strong. Promote the development of the prefabricated construction industry.
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